Archive
清华无聊的生化报告~~~
Crystal structure of the polymerase PAC-PB1N complex from an avian influenza H5N1 virus
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Vol 454|28 August 2008| doi:10.1038/nature07120
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Xiaojing He1, Jie Zhou1, Mark Bartlam2, Rongguang Zhang3, Jianyuan Ma1, Zhiyong Lou4, Xuemei Li1,4, Jingjing Li1, Andrzej Joachimiak3, Zonghao Zeng1, Ruowen Ge5, Zihe Rao1,2,4 & Yingfang Liu1
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The recent emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus strains with subtype H5N1 pose a global threat to human health1. Elucidation of the underlying mechanisms of viral replication is critical for development of anti-influenza virus drugs2. The influenza RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) heterotrimer has crucial roles in viral RNA replication and transcription. It contains three proteins: PA, PB1 and PB2. PB1 harbours polymerase and endonuclease activities and PB2 is responsible for cap binding3,4; PA is implicated in RNA replication5-10 and proteolytic activity11-14, although its function is less clearly defined. Here we report the 2.9 a°ngstro¨mstructure of avian H5N1 influenza A virus PA (PAC, residues 257-716) in complex with the PA-binding region of PB1 (PB1N, residues 1-25). PAC has a fold resembling a dragon’s head with PB1N clamped into its open ‘jaws’. PB1N is a known inhibitor that blocks assembly of the polymerase heterotrimer and abolishes viral replication. Our structure provides details for the binding of PB1N to PAC at the atomic level, demonstrating a potential target for novel anti-influenza therapeutics. We also discuss a potential nucleotide binding site and the roles of some known residues involved in polymerase activity. Furthermore, to explore the role of PA in viral replication and transcription, we propose a model for the influenza RdRp heterotrimer by comparing PAC with the l3 reovirus polymerase structure, and docking the PAC structure into an available low resolution electron microscopy map.
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啊…本来不想发这篇的, 纯生化的实在是太无聊了, 不过毕竟是自然上的, 而且也没看到其它从中国来的报告. 这篇讲了他们解析出了禽流感的DNA复制的结构. 就这么多.
完结小结
最近看了一个片子叫”玻璃舰队”. 虽然到第八集就扔了, 但我不明白为什么很多人讨厌这片子. 我给这片子一个7/10. 确实那个画风有一点特别, 世界设定上有的时候也有点NC, 但我并没有觉得它和其它gonzo的片子有什么区别, 还是那种人民遭受贵族的压迫然后另一个贵族站出来领导人民革命. 而且我觉得它至少在情节上加了一点新的东西. 我本来是打算把它看完的, 后来不知怎么就扔了. 不过我没觉得这片子有多差. 而且OPED满好听的.
反叛的鲁路修R2 20: 皇帝失格




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简介:
修王子正式向皇帝挑战. 鲁鲁将皇帝困在了异度空间里.
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我现在主要想知道鲁鲁和CC的结局, 其他人和事我已经不关心了. 另外, 红鸟是真的想破罐子破摔了么?
亡念之扎姆德 06: Live Fire




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简介:
Haru加入了军队.
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有个片子叫”绚烂舞踏祭”, 我才开始看, 怎么感觉和这片子很相似? 也是BONES做的. Anyways, 我比较喜欢这边片子里的角色, 但现在还是铺垫, 而且很多东西都没讲清楚, 所以我暂时不发表什么意见.
黑之契约者(Darker than Black) 5/10

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DTB reminds me a lot of Witch Hunter Robin. Both series feature people with supernatural abilities except in DTB they are called Contractors, and both are boring. The premise is boring enough. How many times do we have to see people with superpowers? But the biggest problem lies in the writing by trying to do too many things. A good writer hits two birds with one stone, a bad writer wants to hit ten birds with one stone and misses all of them. The series tries to show the lives of different contractors and how their Contracts affect them, at the same time it also wants to blend in some government conspiracy. Hei’s background and storyline (if he actually has any) also attempts to reflect a serious theme, that is don’t hesitate in what you believe in.
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The result? The series turns into a mess and fails to deliver any of them. A lot of times it even gives me this feeling that DTB is more about style than substance. I wasn’t able to feel anything for most of the contractors. In the end my only conclusion about their lives is that contractors have feelings and that’s it. The government conspiracy isn’t very believable either. Hei’s serious theme is just jokes because the only times I got to know his character are episode 1 when he said “I hate Contractors” and the final relevation in the last episode when I finally understood why he hates contractors.
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DTB has other issues too. It features these two detectives that serve no purposes to the story and are very very annoying. The music is at most decent and the two OPs are just average, although I do like ED2 by High and Mighty. The animation is good but nothing outstanding. I would only recommend DTB for its atmosphere if you are majoring in animation.
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PS Almost forgot. It also has some big plotholes like how did the contractors got their contracts and wth is the Hell’s gate etc.
台湾这次在PNAS上发表的一篇奇怪报告…
Wen-Wei Chang, Chien Hsin Lee, Peishan Lee, Juway Lin, Chun-Wei Hsu, Jung-Tung Hung, Jin-Jin Lin, Jyh-Cherng Yu, Li-en Shao, John Yu, Chi-Huey Wong, and Alice L. Yu
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Genomics Research Center and Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; ‡Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; and §General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan
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We examined the expression in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) of Globo H, a potential tumor-associated antigen for immunotherapy of epithelial cancers including breast cancer. Flow cytometry revealed Globo H expression in 25/41 breast cancer specimens (61.0%). Non-BCSCs from 25/25 and BCSCs from 8/40 (20%) expressed Globo H. We showed the expression of stage-specific embryonic antigen 3 (SSEA3), the pentasaccharide precursor of Globo H, in 31/40 (77.5%) tumors. Non-BCSCs from 29/31 and BCSCs from 25/40 (62.5%) expressed SSEA3. Like Globo H, SSEA3 expression in normal tissues was predominately at the secretory borders of epithelium, where access to the immune system is restricted. Immunization of mice with Globo H-KLH and _-GalCer induced antibodies reactive with Globo H and SSEA3, suggesting that a Globo H-based vaccine will target tumor cells expressing Globo H or SSEA3. We next sought to reduce Globo H expression by siRNA targeting fucosyltransferase (FUT) 1 and 2, which mediate alpha-1,2 linkage of fucose to SSEA3 to generate Globo H. We showed both genes to be involved in the biosynthesis of Globo H. Moreover, FUT2 expression in BCSCs was significantly lower than in non-BCSCs harvested from a primary human breast cancer in NOD/SCID mouse, whereas FUT1 was slightly lower in BCSCs. Thus, the lower expression of Globo H in BCSCs may be attributed to less FUT2/FUT1, and to reduced SSEA3 in BCSCs compared with non- BCSCs. Our findings provide insight into further development of a Globo H-based vaccine and FUT1/FUT2-targeted therapy for breast cancer.
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从台湾来的一篇文章, 发表在PNAS上. 可能我对生化不太熟悉吧, 不过我真的不知道为什么这篇文章能发表在PNAS上. 文章实际上就是介绍了GloboH, 一个表面抗体, 在乳腺癌中的表现率. 确实, 他们用的是人身上的肿瘤, 但我没有觉得这篇文章说明了什么. 它是想说GLOBO H在乳腺癌干细胞中的表现很低呢, 还是就介绍一个事实? 我觉得任何一篇文章或多或少的都应该在最后来个推论, 而我看到的只是一个数据报告而已, 还是在PNAS上发表的.
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PS. 我还在等Xam’d第六集的种子, 这星期MS出的有点慢. 估计明天可以看到.
完结小结
如果你还在好奇为什么关于”毁灭世界的六人”第七集的post还没出, 原因很简单, 我把这片子给扔了. 同时扔的还有夏目友人账和苍之瞳少女. 虽然上个星期还在说不会扔这片子, 但星期六的时候还是觉得扔了. 这片子实在是有点令人失望. 讲了半天都不知道是”毁灭世界的三人”还是六人. 说实话, 我都不知道他们三个到结尾的时候会不会去毁灭世界. 我给这个片子一个6/10, 没有给5的原因是人物还算不怎么令我讨厌. 夏目友人账我给7/10. 我很少会给一个扔了的片子7的. 夏目是一个很温馨的片子, 风格也满独特的. 我只是找不到为什么要继续追下去的理由, 讲来讲去就是说一个孤独的妖怪碰到了孤独的夏目最后两个人变的不孤独了. 而且这片子好象有点腐味, 特别第七集. 所以还是尽快扔了吧, 省得以后如果再腐的话损坏了这片子在我心中的印象. 苍之瞳少女的少女我也给7/10. 图象情节人物音乐都还行, 但没有一个吸引我继续看下去的. 世界设定有点深度但同时也缺乏可信度. 女主虽然满可爱的,但心理描写还是一般般, 很难想象一个剑客会像个小孩一样.
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然后看了一个叫作”奏光的strain”的片子. 情节人物图象音乐都很一般, 不过我居然没扔. 主要是因为它的制作成本非常低, 所以我有点小惊讶的它的剧本写的还满工整的, 什么铺垫高潮悬念都有. 而且低成本的片还敢玩sci-fi, 居然还成功了. 我给这片7/10. 如果你想看一个低成本的原创片, 并且制作组虽然实力一般但相当努力的片子, 那我强烈推荐”奏光的strain”.
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学到这里肯定有人会问:”你哪来这么多时间看片子.” 很简单, 早上上班公车上看一集, 中午吃饭的时候看一集, 下班后车上看一到二集(看乘哪班车), 晚上再看一到二集, 一天就可以看5~6集了. 这就是住在家里的好处啊. 如果搬出去住那就要忙多了. 当然了, 如果以后开学了, 那晚上就不能再看片了, 不过还是可以一天3~4集.
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说到开学, 再两个星期就开学了. 因为是第四年了, 所以打算拼一下. 博客近期的打算讲是继续博亡念的扎木德和鲁鲁修. 完结感想还是两星期一篇. 中国科技就不知道了, 要看有没有时间了. 所以一星期大概也有3篇博文吧.
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P.S. 介绍一个很好的动漫交流网站: myanimelist.net. 说是全球最大的动漫交流网站. 这个站最喜欢的地方就是它做的像校内一样, 非常的人性化. 你可以到其他人的主页上去留言, 你可以写感想, 你可以到论坛上去交流, 你还可以编辑你看过的动漫. 当然, 这是个英文网站.
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这次就这么多了.











